Spinning machine



c. BIERMAN. JR 2,960,951 SPINNING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 CHARLESB/ERMA/vg BY ATTORNEYS.

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SPINNING MACHINE Filed Dec. 2o, 195s a sheets-sheet 2 Nov. 22, 1960 c.BIERMAN, .JR 2,960,951

SPINNING MACHINE:

Filed Dec. 20, 1955 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 5 Fig.4= 9

INVENTOR. CHAR/ Es B/ERMAN, JR.

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ATTORNEYS.

NOV- 22, 1950 c. BIERMAN, JR 2,960,951

SPINNING MACHINE Nov. 22, 1960 Filed Dec. 20, 1955 C. BIERMAN, JR

SPINNING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Nov. 22, 1960 Filed Dec. 20, 1955 C.BIERMAN, JR

SPINNING MACHINE' 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 TTOHNEYS.

Nov. 22, 1960 c. BIERMAN, .1R

SPINNING MACHINE mmm, mmm, mw\

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SPINNING MACHINE Filed Dec. 20, 1955 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 a9 90 2792 0 /2Fig.14=

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ZMMMWW T TURNEYS nited States Patent SPINNING MACHNE Charles Bierman,Jr., Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor t The Cincinnati Milling Machine Co.,Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Filed Dec. 20, 1955, Ser. No.554,190

4 Claims. (Cl. 113-52) This invention relates to forming machines andmore particularly to new and useful improvements in a spinning machinefor forming parts out of flat sheet metal on a shaping mandrel.

`One of the objects of this invention is to provide a new `and improvedmachine of the class described which is automatically operated.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rugged machine forspinning parts out of relatively heavy gage metal with precision andwith a minimum of waste.

A further object of this invention is to provide a hydraulicallyoperated machine having opposed spinning heads on opposite sides of amandrel, and to accurately control their rate of feed to keep them instep so that each will do its equal share of work.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a spinningmachine with opposed spinning heads and selective control means so thateither one or both heads may be utilized.

An additional object of this invention is to simplify the constructionof such machines and make them more readily adaptable to differentconditions by providing individual tooling units that are universallyadjustable on a flat bed so that they may be set to follow any taperwithout the use of templates or profiles.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readilyapparent by reference to the following speciiication, considered inconjunction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, andit is to be understood that any modications may be made in the exactstructural details there shown and described, within the scope of theappended claims, without departing from or exceeding the spirit of theinvention.

Referring to the drawings in which like reference numerals indicate likeor similar parts:

Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine embodying the principles of thisinvention.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a stionon the line 3 3 of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a section on the line 4 4 ofFigure 1. Figure 5 is a detail section on the line 5 5 of Figure 4.Figure 6 -is a detail section on the line 6 6 of Figure 5. `Figure 7 isa detail section on the line 7 7 of Figure 2. Figmre 8 is a detailsection on the line 8 8 of Figure 2. Figure 9 is a detail section on theline 9 9 of Figure l. Figures 10, l1 and l2 are diagrams of theelectrical control circuit.

#Figure 13 is a diagram of the hydraulic control circuit. Figure 14 is adiagrammatic view of the main slide selector switch.

Figure 15 is a diagrammatic view of the cross slide se-V lector switch.

vFigure 16 is a diagram of the control circuit for the headstock motor.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, themachine of this invention comprises in general a large bed plate 10 on abase 10 having mounted along a central axis thereof, a headstock 11 anda tailstock 12 for supporting therebetween a tapered mandrel 13 uponwhich a Work piece such as 14 is formed.

On the opposite sides of lthe mandrel and mounted on top of the bed aretwo similar self-contained tool units 15 and 16, the unit 15 being therear unit and the unit 16 b eing the front unit. Each unit has aspinning tool 17 which is supported for rotation by the constructionshown in Figure 5. Each tool unit is self-contained in that they havetheir own prime movers for the longitudinal feeding and cross feedingmovements. Each unit, such as the unit 16, has a support or bed plate 18which rests upon the top of the bed 10 and is adjustable thereon toarrange its working axes in suitable angular relation to the axis ofrotation of the work so as to be parallel to the taper of the mandrel.To assist in this adjustment an adjusting screw 19 is threaded in afixture 2li which is fastened to the top of the bed by T-bolts 21mounted in a T-slot 22 formed on the top of the bed 10. The screw has anoperating handle 23 and is connected by a ball joint 24 to a ball socket25 secured to the plate 18. After adjustment, the unit is bolted to thetop of the bed 10 by a series of T-bolts 26 mounted in suitable T-slotsformed on top of the bed. The unit 15, although of opposite hand to theunit 16, also has a support or bed plate 27 which is secured to the bed10 by suitable T-bolts and an adjusting mechanism indicated generally bythe reference numeral 28 and, similar to the adjusting mechanism for theunit 16, is secured to the bed 10.

As `shown in Figure 2, the headstock has a spindle 29 journaled thereinand, due to the heavy forces involved, the headstock has a doubleconical anti-friction bearing 30 at the mandrel supporting end and ananti-friction bearing 31 at the other end, as well as an intermediateanti-friction thrust bearing 32 to absorb the end thrust on the mandrel.The end of the spindle is connected by a coupling 33, Figure l, to theoutput shaft 34 of a variable speed gear box 35. The input shaft 36 ofthe gear box is connected by a suitable motion transmitting mechanism 37to a prime mover, such as an electric motor 38. The gear box may be anyconventional gear selector box having a gear selector control lever 39whereby the rate of rotation of the spindle may be changed relative tothe motor. The spindle 29 has a face plate 42 secured by suitable bolts41 to a ange 40 formed on the end of the spindle. The mandrel 13 which,of course, may be of various sizes and tapers, is attached to the faceplate 42 by suitable screws 43.

The headstock 11 is iixed to the bed of the machine, but the tailstock12 is supported on suitable guides 44, as shown in Figure 7, formovement toward and from the end of the mandrel. This movement iseifected hydraulically by a piston 45, as shown in Figure 2, containedin a cylinder 46 secured to the bed, and connected by a piston rod 47 tothe depending bracket 48 of the tailstock 12.

fThe tailstock has a spindle 49 journaled therein on antifrictionbearings 50 and thrust bearing 51. This spindle has a chuck 52 mountedin the end thereof, and, as shown -in Figure 8, comprises threeadjustable jaws 53 and suitable radial adjusting screws 54 in which maybe clamped a conical spider 55, which is interchangeable for varioussizes of work. In operation, the tailstock is retracted with respect tothe mandrel, a work piece blank, such as 14, mounted on a boss 56 formedon the end of the mandrel, and then the tailstock is brought intoposition to clamp the blank against the end of the mandrel by the spiderand With suflicient friction so -that the mandrel, blank, spiderandtailstock spindle are power rotated by the headstock spindle.

'Ihe construction of each tool unit is the same, with therefore adescription of one will suiiice for both. The

rear unit 15, as shown in Figures l, 3, and 4, has the support or bedplate 27 on Which is formed guide surfaces 57, 58 and 59, as Shown inFigure 4, it being noted that the vertical guide surface 59 is the onethat takes the lateral thrust on the spinning roller 17. Alongitudinally movable carriage or main slide 60Y isr formed and shapedto engage these surfaces and to be guided therehy. Holddown gibs 61 and62 are provided on each side of the units and suitably secured tosupport 2,7 to hold them in engagement with the `surfaces 63 and 6,4respectively of the slide 60. This slide is power reciprocated by apiston 65, Figure 3, contained in a cylinder 66 which is attached to thesupport 27, and the piston 65 is connected by a piston rod 67 by asuitable connectionV at 68,Y `to the slide 60.

The main slide 60, in turn, carries a cross slide 69, as shown in Figure4, slidable on suitable guide surfaces 70 formed on the supporting slide60. Holddown gibs 71 and 72, Figure 3,V are provided on opposite sidesof the slide 69 in the conventional manner. The cross slide 69 isactuated by a piston 73 contained in a cylinder 74 which is mounted on abracket 75 iXed with the slide 60. The piston 73 is connected by apiston rod 76 to the cross slide 69 for actuation thereof. The crossslide 69 has a tool head 77 which supports the spinning roller 17. Thishead is `angularly adjustable about a pivot in the form of a bolt 78which is threaded into a nut 79 fixed with the slide 69. Angular'adjustment of the tool head is elected by a rack and pinion, lthe rack80 being formed on the tool head 77, and the pinion 81 rotatablysupported in engagement therewith on a stud 82 threaded in the slide 69.The gear is operatively connected to a handle 83 for manual rotatableadjustment thereof. The tool is clamped lafter adjustment by a pair ofclamping bolts 84 which p-ass through elongated slots 85 and 86 Yasshown in Figure 1 and are threaded into the base of the slide 69. Thespinning or forming roller 17 is mounted in a special bearingconstruction shown in Figures and 6.

The end of lthe tool head 77 is bifurcated to form jaws 87 and 8 8,Figure 5, and a removable axial pin 89 is mounted in these jaws. Thehead 90 of the pin is held against rotation by a set screw 91 threadedin the head 77. The other end of the pin is provided with a large washer92-and clamping bolt 93. Mounted on the pin 89 is a sleeve 94 havingflanges 95 secured to each end and in which are mounted the inner races9,6 of tapered roller bearings. The outer races 97 are mounted insuitable spaced relation in a ring 98. This ring has an annular grooveor seat 99 for the roller 17, and the roller is held in the seat by aspring washer 100; When it is desired to change the roller 17, the axialpin 89 is removed and the entire -assembly is taken out of the jaws 87and 8S so that the spring washer 100 may be removed and the roller 17slid off and replaced by another roller. This makes a simpleVconstruction for quickly changing, the roller 17.

. For normal operation, the support 27 of unit 15, as well as thesupport 18 of the unit 16, yare aligned parallel to the taper onopposite sides of the mandrel and; also longitudinally so that spinningtools are positioned to the left beyond the end `of the mandrel andwork. After the blank is loaded between the rollers and the end of themandrel, the cross slides are `advanced to some predetermined positionas determined by a positive stop mechanism to determine the workthickness to be spun, because the rollers not only shape the work `butalso may reduce the thickness of the original blank. This mechanism isshown more particularly in Figure 9 and comprises a stop bolt 101 whichis threaded into the cross slide 69 and locked in position by a lockingset screw 102. The other end of the bolt passes freely through a hole103 in the bracket 75 where it is provided with an adjustable rotatablenut 104 having graduations 105 formed on a ange 106. The flange yabuts ahardllevvd 4 ring 107 countersunk in the part 75 and thereby determinesthe limit of movement of the slide 69.

Summing up the operationY of the machine thus far, it will be seen thatfor each new job the operator selects the proper shape of mandrel andattaches it to the face plate of the headstock, and a suitable spider,such as 55, is attached to the tailstock in the manner described. Thework piece, such as 14, is then inserted between the end of the mandreland the tailstock and manually supported in position while the tailstockis advanced to clamp the work blank against the end of the mandrel.

At this time the tool slides are arranged parallel to the taper on thecorresponding sides of the mandrel, depending upon its conical angle,and the -tool rollers are positioned at the left of the end of themandrel so that the work is inserted between the rollers and end of themandrel, and, if necessary, the angular position of the tool holders isadjusted at this time.

It will be noted from Figure 5 that the periphery of the spnning rolleris a conical surface 17a, and that the large end of the cone terminatesin a radius ,17b adjacent one side face of the roller, forming -a bluntnose which is the Iactive working part of the tool or roller. 'Ihetapered surface thus forms a clearance which may be adjustable dependingon the langular adjustment of the tool head. There are various factorswhich may necessitate adjustment such as thertaper Iangle of themandrel, the type of material, and the amount that the blank is to bereduced in thickness to form the nished part.

The operator starts the headstock rotating and the cross slides advanceto positionas determined by the positive stops. The stops determine thewall thickness of the finished product which is usually less than thethickness of the original work blank.Y 4In fact, the nished wallthickness is utilized to determine the thickness of the blank stock fromwhich it is to be formed. Normally, this is done by drawing two parallellines a unit distance apart, as shown in Figure 2 lat T, and computingthe area of the oblique rectangle between the two lines on the finishedwork and then making the square or rectangle between the two lines onthe work stock equal to that same area. This will determine thethickness of the blank.

The longitudinal slides are started and the work spun to the desiredshape and wall thickness. Before returning the slides, the tailstock isretracted and the iinished product removed so that it can be donewithout interference from the rollers. After the work piece has beenremoved, the longitudinal slides are returned to starting position andthe next blank is inserted in the machine.

The power operating mechanism for the machine is illustrated in the formof a hydraulic control circuit shown in Figure 13, and the pilotcontrols for the various actuating solenoids are governed by an electriccontrol circuit shown in Figure 10, and the pilot controls are governedby an electric control circuit shown in Figures 11 and 12. Each of theoperating cylinders previously described have their own reversing valveand a solenoid operated pilot Valve for effecting power shifting of theassociated reversing valve. The various solenoids and the switches whicheffect their operation are shown in Figure l0. All of these switches orcontacts are parts of relays found in Figures l1 and 12.

Although means have been provided for individual actuation or jogging ofa particular slide which can be designated as manual control, the fulloperation of the machine is termed herein as automatic cycle operation Aselector switch 108 has been provided as shown in Figure 11 forselecting one or the other type of operation. This switch 108, whenoperated to select manual control, interconnects contacts 109 and 110 tocomplete a circuit from the power main 211 to line 1111 which isconnected in parallel to relays 12CRA and 12CRB and then to the commonreturn power line 102.

- For the purpose of easily locating the various elements in theelectrical control circuit it will be. noted that the power lines 211and 102 extend through the circuits shown in Figures l0, ll, and l2, andthey derive their power from the secondary 112 of a supply transformerindicated generally by the reference numeral 113. rThe reference line E1has been run parallel with the whole circuit, and each across-the-linesub-circuit from power line 211 to line 102 has been indicated byreference characters on the line E1.

To set the circuit up for automatic cycle operation which will bedescribed lirst and in which it will be assumed that both main slidesand cross slides of the tooling units will be operated simultaneously,the selector switch 108 is positioned to close contacts -114 and 115 inline E27 to elect simultaneous operation of relays 13CRA and 13CRB.

Since an interlock has been provided between the tailstock and the crossslides to insure that the tools are not moved into engagement with thework until it is clamped by the tailstock, a selector switch 116 hasbeen provided for closing contacts 117 and 118 in line E33' if theintellock is not desired, or for closing contacts 1 19 and 120 in lineE34 if the interlock is desired. The operation of the machine will bedescribed utilizing the interlock in which case the selector switch 116will be positioned to close the contacts 119 and 120 in series with thepressure switch 2PS and cycle start control relay 14CR in line E33.

There are two other selector switches shown diagrammatically in Figures14 and 15 having three positions whereby the front tool slide or therear tool slide may be selected for individual operation or both toolslides may be selected for simultaneous operation. The main slideselector switch is indicated generally by the reference numerals 121 inline E36, the details of which are shown in Figure 14 and the crossslide selector switch is indicated generally by the reference numeral1122 in line E49, the details of which are shown in Figure l5. As shownin Figure 14, the switch 121 has three series of contact pads which maybe rotatably positioned to close different groups of switches inaccordance with the slide or slides to be operated. For operation ofboth slides, the pads 123, 124, 125, and 125 shown in Figure 14 arerotated into position so that the pad 123 interconnects contacts 126 and127, pad 124 interconnects contacts 128 and 129, pad 125 interconnectscontacts 130 and 131, and pad 125 interconnects contacts 130 and 131'.To facilitate the description, these sets of con tacts have beenindicated as closed in Figure l1 in lines E39, E42, E44, and E46respectively.

Similarly, the switch 122 is provided with four switch pads foroperation of both cross slides simultaneously, the switch pads 132, 133,134, and 135 are rotated in position so that pad 132 interconnectscontacts 136 and 137, 133 interconnects contacts 13'8 and i139, pad 134interconnects contacts 140 and 141 and pad 135 interconnects contacts142 and 143. For convenience, these contacts are shown as closed inlines E50, E53, E55, and E57 in Figure 12.

Having made these selections, the operator clamps the Work blank in themachine by operating the tailstock advance push button 144 which closescontacts 145 and 146 in line E59 and thereby energizes relay 10CR. Thisrelay closes its latching contact CR-1 in line E60 to latch in the relayso that the push button may be released. The relay also opens switch10CR-3 in line E6v1 to break the circuit to tailstock reverse controlrelay 9CR. As shown in Figure l0, line E15, switch 10CR-2 is also closedby the relay to energize solenoid 10. Referring to the hydraulicdiagram, Figure 13, solenoid 10 shifts the pilot valve plunger 147 tothe left because all of the solenoids shown in this figure are of thepush type. The pilot valve 147 controls the power shifting of thereversing valve 148 for the tailstock actuating piston 45.

The reversing valve has a pressure port 149 supplied by pump 150, andthis port is in the form of an annular andassi` n groove whereby thepressure will continue throngis channel 151l to pressure port 152 ofpilot valve 147. Therefore, when the plunger 147 is shifted to the left,the pressure port 152 will be connected to channel 153 and shift thereversing valve plunger 148 to the left against the resistance ofcentering spring 154. This will introduce pressure from port 149 tochannel 155 and thereby to the end of cylinder 46 to advance thetailstock into work clamping position. When the tailstock has completedits movement the pressure in the end of cylinder 46 will build up to amaximum pressure and elect operation of the pressure switch ZPS. Thispressure switch, shown in line E34, Figure ll, will close and complete acircuit to the relay 14CR in E33. This relay may now be energized byclosing the cycle start button 156. The circuit to this switch wasestablished by the closing of selector switch 13CRA-1 (E33), thenormally closed stop button 159 and timer relay switch 4TR-2. The relay13CRA also closed contacts BCRA-2 in line E38, 13CRA-3 in line E43,13CRA-4 in line E49, BCRA-5 in line E55 and since relay 13CRB wassimultaneously operated at that time, contacts 13CRB-1 in line E60 and13CRB-2 in line E63 were also closed. Thus, the operator by actuatingthe push button 156 will close contacts 157 and `158 to energize relay14CR and close its latching contacts 14CR-1 in line E35 around thestarting switch, as well as closing contact MCR-2 in line E36.

The closing of switch 14CR-2, E36, connects power from line 211 to line211B through closed contact 13CRA-1, cycle stop switch 159, closedcontact 14CR-1 and line 160 so that power is now supplied to the closedswitches 13CRA-4 in line E49, Figure l2, and 13CRA-5 in line E-55. Thelimit switches 4LS and 2LS shown in E49 are carried by the longitudinalslides and are held closed by suitable dogs when these slides are intheir starting position, while their corresponding switches 4LS-1, E41,and 2LS-1, E46, are held open. Therefore, the circuit is now complete tocontacts 136 and 138 in lines E-50 and E453, and these are connected bythe selector switch i122 to contacts 137 and 139 respectively wherebycross slide control relays SCR and SCR are energized to start theadvance of the cross slides toward the Work.

As shown in Figure 10, these relays will close switches SCR-1 in line ESand SCR-1 in line E13 and thereby energize solenoids SOLS and SOLS.These relays will open normally closed contacts SCR-2, E51 and SCR-2,E57 to prevent operation of control relays 6CR and 7CR. Also, crossslide limit switches 6LS (E57) and 7LS (E51) are held open by dogs intheir starting position and as soon as the slides move away from thedogs, the limit switches will close. Referring to Figure 13, solenoid 5pushes the pilot valve plunger 161 to the right, thereby connecting itspressure port 162 to port 163 and thereby, through channel 164, causeshifting to the right of the reverse valve plunger 165 associated withthe cross slide 69. The pressure port 162 is supplied by a pump 166through pressure reducing valve 167, lines 168 and 169, and the annularpressure port groove 170 of the reversing valve and channel 171. Whenthe reverse valve plunger is shifted to the right, the pressure groove170 is connected to channel 172 and thereby to one end of the cylinder74 to advance the cross slide 69 to the limit of its movement.

Similarly, the solenoid 8 shifts the pilot valve plunger 173 to the leftand connects pressure port 174 to channel 175, thereby shifting thereverse valve plunger 176 associated with the cross slide 69 wherebypressure is connected from the pressure port 177 of the reverse valvethrough the throttle valve 178 and line 179 to shift the cross slide 69'to the limit of its movement. Thus, both cross slides movesimultaneously to advance the tools to working position. The cross slide69 has limit switches SLS and 6LS associated therewith and when theslide is advanced, limit switch 6LS in E57 assumes a normally closedposition, while its other contacts GLS-1 in E63 cross slide 69 advances,it'release'sV limit switch TLSink connect switch' BCRA-2 to the contacts126- and 128 in lines E39`andfE'42 respectively tostart'the*lo'ngitu'dinal slides'60 and 60". These contactsh'avebeenconnected by theI selector switch 121 to contacts 1 27 and 129 wherebycontrol relays SCR and ICR lines E38; and'E42 Referring again to Figure13, solenoid 501.71 will shift thepilot valve plunger180 tothe rightconnecting pressure port 1 81 to line 1 8 2 and therebytothe left end ofthe reversing val-ve plunger 1,83 associated with the longitudinalslide60. This plunger will connect the pressure port 184 to channel 185and thereby to the end of cylinder 66 to advance the longitudinal slide60. In the same manner the solenoid SOL-3 will shift the pilot valveplunger 186 to the left and connect pressure port 187 to line 188 andthereby shift the reversing valve plunger 189 associated with thelongitudinal slide 60 to the v left whereby fluid pressure fromthepressure port 190 will flow through line 191 and advancethelongitudinal slide 60. When these twoslides advance, they will releaselimit switches 2LS 1 (E46) and 4LS-1 (E41) associated theref with, whichwill close, but switches 1CR-2and 3CR-2 are open, whereby/ controlrelays 2CR and 4CR are prevented from operating; and at the end of theirtravel will open switches ILS-1 and 3LS-1 respectively, in lines E42 andE38 respectively, deenergizing relays 1CR and 3CR. At the Sametime thiswill close limit switches 1LS2 and SLS-2 inline E55 and complete thecircuit from closed switch 1 3CRA-5 to contacts 140 and 142. Thesecontacts are connected by 141 and 143 respectively to control relays 6CRand 7CR in lines E57 and E51 respectively.

This deenergizes solenoids SOL-1 and SOL-3 whereby the reversing valves183 and 189 are returned to a central position because all of thereversing valves are spring held in a central position as by springs 191and 192. Therefore, the main slides will stop and remain in thatposition. However, the limit switches have closed contacts ILS-2 andSLS-2 in line E55 and complete a circuit from closed switch 13CRA-5 toswitch contacts 140 and 142 which are connected to contacts 141 and 143,thereby energizing relays 6CR and 7CR. It is to be noted that contactslCRB and 3C R B in line 48, which were closed during the traversingmovement of the main slides, are now open thereby deenergizing relaysSCR and SCR so as to close their contacts SCR-2 (E51) and SCR-2 (E57).This will energize solenoids SOL6 and SOL7 and cause return movement ofthe cross slides whereby limit switches SLS and SLS will be released andlimit switches 6LS and 7LS will beoper'ated when the cross slides havecompleted their movement. Release of limit switches SLS and SLS in lineE38 will open the circuit to main slide control relays CRI and CR3.Operation of limit switches 6LS and 7LS will open the circuit to crossslide control relays 7CR and 6CR'in lines E51 and E57 and close thecircuit to timer relay 4TR in line E63, closing switch 4TR-1 in lineE43. The relays 6CR and 7CR will deenergize solenoids SOL6 and SOL7whereby the reversing valves for the cross slides will return to neutralposition, and the slides will stop in their outward position.

At this point the operator effects retraction of the tailstock byoperating the push button 193 in line E59, closing contacts 194 and 195in' line E61 to energize relay will'bedogv'clolsed atftheendlofc'rossslide advancelandV 9CR. This will close contact 9 CR-1 in line E14to energize solenoid SOL9 and close latching contacts 9`CR-2`, E62. Thissblenoidtwill shiftpilotvalve 1 47 to the right, causing shifting of thereverse valve 148 to the right,'and pressure will be connected tochannelz1l96 and cause return movement ofl piston connected to thetailstock. Completion of rfeturn'niovenient ofthe vtailstcck willoperate limitswitch 9LS in line E61 whichwillbreak the circuit torelay'9CR' and thereby deenergize solenoid SOL-9 whereupon the reversingyalve 148 will return to a central position.

The parts are now ina position for the operator toremove the finishedwork piece from the mandrel When this is completed, he operates the mainslide returnpush button 197 in line E41 and thereby closes contacts 198and 199 in line" E43 to complete a ircu i t through 13CRA-3 and closedtimer switch 4TR- 1 to switch contacts and 130' in lines' E44and E46respectively. Since the limit switches 2LSl-1 and 4 L S-1 are normallyclosed at this time, control relays 2 CR and 4C I R will `be operated toenergize' solenoids SOL2 and SOL4 which will operate the reversingvalvesA 183 and 189 to cause the main slides to return to' startingposition. In doing so, they will openlimit switches 2L S 1 and-41.841whereby they will break the circuit to control relays 2CR and 4CR andstop the return movement. The parts are now back in a starting positionso that the operator may loadV the next work blank.

Attention is invited to the f act that in order to equalize the load oneach ofthe spinning tools so Vthat` each will do its share of the work,the main longitudinal slides must Ybe maintained in Siep even thoughthey are hydraulically operated. This is accomplished inthe presentinvention by' providing mechanism for maintaining the back pressure ineach of the main slide operating cylinders 66 and 66 equal throughouttheir stroke. The mechanism for doing this includes two balancing Valvesshown in Figure 13 and indicated generally by the reference numerals 200and 201. The returnchannel 202 from cylinder 66, which terminates inport 203 of the reversing valve 183, is connected to port 204 during theworking stroke of the slide `60. 'Ihis port is connected by channel 2 05to port '206 of a rapid traverse control valve indicated generally bythe reference numeral 207. The hydraulic shifting of the valve plunger208 of this valve is controlled by a pilot valve indicated generally bythe reference numeral 209 and having a plunger 210 which is actuable bysolenoid SOL-14 shown at E30 in Figure 1l.

Normally, these twoV valves are in the position shown in Figure 13whereby the return tluid from cylinder 66 is directed by Way of valvegroove 211 in plunger 208- to port 212 and thus by way of channel 213 tothe throttled port 214 of balancing valve 200. At the same time thepressure in groove211 is directed through channel 215, interconnectedports 216 and 217 of valve 209, channel 218 to cylinder 219 to maintainthe valve plunger 208 in its shifted right position. The pressure inchannel 213 is also directed through branch channel 220 and choke coil 221 to the left end of valve 200 whereby the pressure plus a spring 2'22maintains the balancing valve plunger 223 constantly urged toward theright to uncover the port 214. The port 214 causes a pressure drop inthe fluid passing therethrough', and this fluid continues through thevalve groove 224, channel 225 and a low pressure throttle valve 226 to ascavenger pump 227 which is continuously acting to draw uid from channel228 and return it to the reservoir 229.

The uid returning from cylinder 66' passes through the same type ofcircuit including channel 230 to reversing valve 189 and thence byreturn channel 231 to a rapid' traverse control valve 232, the operationof which is governed by a pilot valve 233 operated by solenoid SOL-16.With the valves in their normal position as shown in Figure 13, the uidfrom channel 231 is di- 9 r'ected to channel 234 and throttle port 235of the other balancing valve 201. The uid pressure in channel 235 isdirected through channel 236, branch channel 237 and choke coil 238 tothe left end of valve 201 whereby the pressure plus a spring 239 urgesthe valve plunger to the right to uncover port 235. An exhaust channel240 from this valve is connected by a throttle valve 241 to a returnchannel 242 which eventually is connected to channel 228 and pump 227.

In order to balance the position of the plungers in the respectivebalancing valves they are cross connected so that the back pressure inone cylinder is balanced against the back pressure in the othercylinder. In other words, the channel 220 which conducts fluid to theleft end of Valve 200 also has a connection through choke coil 243 tothe right hand end of balancing valve 201. Similarly, the channel 236which receives the back pressure from cylinder 66 is connected by achoke coil 244 to the right hand end of balancing valve 200. It will nowbe seen that with respect to balancing valve 200 that the valve plungerthereof is balanced between the back pressure of one cylinder 66 againstthe back pressure from the other cylinder 66 so that if the backpressure in cylinder 66 should rise above the back pressure in cylinder66', the plunger 223 would be urged toward the right to reduce thethrottling at port 214 and thereby relieve the pressure in cylinder 66while, at the same time, this same higher pressure would act onbalancing valve 201 to urge the plunger thereof to the left and increasethe resistance of port 235 and thereby raise the back pressure incylinder 66.

Similarly, if the back pressure in cylinder 66 should rise above that incylinder 66, the plunger in balancing valve 201 would be shifted to theright to relieve the pressure in cylinder 66 and also act to shift theplunger 223 in balancing valve 200 to the left to increase theresistance of port 214 and raise the pressure in cylinder 66'. Thus, theback pressure in each feeding cylinder reacts on the other to maintainboth of them substantially constant. Thus, the feed rate of one isbalanced against the feed rate of the other to maintain the movement ofeach spinning roller in step and under equal load so that each does itsproportionate share of the work.

The rapid traverse valves have been provided to etect fast movement ofthe longitudinal slides as for set-up purposes, and such movements areeffected under manual control. As shown in Figure 11, the solenoidsSOL-14, E30, and SOL-16, E32, are connected to a rapid traversepushbutton control switch 245 in E32 by way of switches lCRB-l and3CRB-1 respectively.

The rapid traversing movement is eiected in the case of SOL14 by theshifting of the pilot valve 210 to the left, causing the shifting of thevalve plunger 208 to the left. Port 206 now becomes connected to port246, which is connected by channel 247 directly to the return channel242, thus bypassing the balancing valve 200 and connected throttle valve226.

Similarly, valve plunger 248 of rapid traverse pilot valve 233 isshifted to the left by SOL16, causing shifting of plunger 249 to theleft and connecting return line 231 directly to return line 242,bypassing balancing valve 201 and its connected throttle valve 241.

It will be noted that since only switches 1CRB-1 and 3CRB-1 are providedin the circuit to the solenoids, and operated by relays 1CR and 3CR,rapid traverse of the longitudinal slides can only be obtained in onedirection, mainly, in the advance direction of the slides.

As previously set forth, the selector switch 108 may be positioned formanual control at which time relays 12CRA and 12CRB, E25 and E26respectively, will be energized and relays 13CRA and 13CRB will bedeenergzed. This will close switches 12CRA-1, E37, 12CRA-2, E41,12CRA-3, E51, 12CRA-4, E54, 12CRB-1, E59, and 12CRA4, E42. This will setup two branch manual control circuits in parallel with the 10 twoautomatic control circuits. With the closing of svsn'tches 12CRA-2 and12CRA-4, the power line 211 is connected for manual control of the fourcontrol relays for the main slides.

In line E41 there is shown serially connected the mainslide advance pushbutton 248, return slide pushbutton 249, jog stop switch 250 and a timerrelay switch lTR-l. With all of these switches closed, the push button248 may be closed to energize the advance control relays KICR and SCRsimultaneously if the main slide selector switch 121 is in its centerposition, as shown, for control of both sides. When this happens, switchICR-4 and SCR-4, E42, will close and latch in the circuit. It is duringthis time that the rapid transverse may be eiected. The slides will thuscontinue to move until the stop button 250 is operated which `breaks thecircuit to the two control relays to insure against reoperation shouldthe button be released quickly. The stop switch 250 is provided with asecond switch 251 which closes a circuit to timer relay 1TR in E47. Thiswill open its contact 1TR-1 in E41 immediately, but it has a timedclosing so as to insure that the latching switches ICR-4 and 3CR-4 areopened and thereby positively break the circuit to the control relays.

Should it be desired =to manually control the other two relays ZCR and4CR to eiect simultaneous return movement, the pushbutton 249 isoperated which completes a circuit through 12CRA-4, because 13CRA-3 isopen, and close contacts 198 `and 199 in E43 and upon operation of thesetwo relays they will close their latching switches ZCRA-Z in line E44and 4CR-2 in line E-45. This movement may be stopped at any time byactuation of the stop switch 250 which will through the timer relay lTRprevent reoperation.

lt will be noted that when the advance switch 248 is closed that it hasa second contact 252 which opens the circuit to the reverse controlrelays to prevent simultaneous operation of all four relays.

As previously mentioned, the rapid advance pushbutton 245, E32, controlsoperation of the rapid traverse valves, but the direction control valvesassociated therewith have to be operated also in order that the rapidtraverse valves will be eiective. Therefore, the switch 245 is providedwith a second contactor 253, E45 which is simultaneously operated by thepush button to cornplete a circuit around the advance pushbutton 248which is normally open in order to energize either one or both of thecontrol relays 1CR and 3CR. Whatever relays are operated, dependent uponthe position of selector switch 121, the corresponding switches lCRB-l,E30, and 3CRB-1, E32, associated with relays ICRB and SCRB connected inparallel with relays ICR and 3CR respectively will be selectivelyclosed, thereby eiecting operation of one or both of solenoids SOL14 andSOL16. Stoppage of this rapid movement is effected by stop button 250 inE41.

The same general method of manual control operation applies to the crossslides. In E51 the switch 12CRA-3 is closed upon selection of manualoperation which thereby completes the circuit through serially connectedtimer contacts ZTR-l, stop switch 254, return switch 255, and theadvance switch 256. Closing of the advance switch 256 completes acircuit to contacts 136 and 138 in lines E50 and E53 of drum selectorswitch 122 which determines whether either or both of these contactswill be connected to contacts 137 and 139 respectively. One or both ofrelays SCR and SCR will thus be operated to shift either of thecorresponding control valves and simultaneously close latching contactsSCR in E52 and/ or SCR inline E53.

Stoppage is effected by operating pushbutton 254 which has a secondcontact at 257 in line E58 to operate timer relay 2TR which immediatelyopens switch 2TR-1 in line E51 and time closes to insure that thelatching switches will open in case of quick release of the push button.

To etect return movement of the Vcross slides the pushbutton switch 2 55is operated, which interconnects contactsV 258 and 259 in E52 tocomplete a circuit to cross slide reverse control relays 6CR and7CRorwhichever one is selected by the selector switch 122. Stoppage is alsoeiected in this case by push button 254 in the same manner. The relays6CR and 7CR have latching contacts 6CR-1 and 7CR-1 in lines E53 and E54and the circuit to these will be broken by the timer relay contacts2TR-1 in line E51.

The control circuit for the headstock motor is shown at the bottom ofFigure 12 and comprises a pilot circuit 260 having serially connectedstart and stop switches 261 and 262 respectively which control operationof relay 18CR. This relay has a latching contact 18CR-1 in line E66 formaintaining the relay closed upon release of the start button. The relay18CR has a second contact 18CR-2 in a control circuit for the headstockmotor, and a selector switch 263 is provided in connection therewith andhas three positions, the center position being the oi position. lf theswitch is moved to close contacts 264 and 265 the circuit is completedto switch 18CR-2 for continuous operation, or if the switch 263 is movedto close contacts 266 and 267 the circuit is completed to automaticcontrol switch 14CR-3. The switch 14CR-3 is associated with the cyclecontrol relay 14CR in E33 and thus whenever a cycle is started theswitch 14CR-3 will close and start the headstock motor if switch 263 isset for automatic operation.

The two switches 18CR-2 and 14CR*3 are connected is parallel to line 268which is connected by parallel circuits to control relays 16CR and 17CR.A direction control switch 269 is provided in these parallel circuits sothat in one position it closes contacts 270 and 271 to the forwardcontrol relay 16CR, and in the other position it closes contacts 272 and273 to complete a circuit to the reverse control relay 17CR. The controlrelay 16CR has a normally closed contact 16CR-1 in series with relay17CR to preventY its operation when relay 16CR is energized, and relay17CR has a normally closed contact UCR-1 in series with relay 16CR toprevent its operation when relay 17CR is energized.

Relay 16CR has a contact 16CR2, E9, for energizing solenoid SOL13V andrelay 17CR has a contact 17CR-2, E10, for energizing solenoid SOL15,both shown in Figure lO. As shown in Figure 16, these solenoids controlreversible operation of the headstock motor 38.

Power for manual control of the tailstock is obtained by the closing ofswitch 12CRB-1, E59, when 13CRB-1, E60, is open. The relays CR and 9CRin E59 and E61 which control the advance and return of the tailstockhave latching relays 10CR-1, E60, and 9CR-2, E62, so the timer relay STRin E62 is provided for operation by closure of switch 274 associatedwith the stop pushbutton 275. Thus, when this button is operated thetimer relay will open its switch 3TR-L1, E59 immediately, and its timeclosing will insure that the latching contacts are open in case of quickoperation of the pushbutton. Y

The automatic operation of the Inachhie has been described in which bothtools were utilized simultaneously for forming the work. It may bedesirable, however, to utilize just one tool While the other remainsidle, and therefore the selector switches 121, E36, and 122, E50 wereprovided for making this selection.

lf the Yfront tool is to be used, the front main slide 60' and its crossslide 69 are coupled in the circuit, and the rear slides remain idle. Inthis case the selector switchV 121, Figure 14, is rotated into positionso that the switch pads 276, 2.77 and 278 make the necessary connectionsto control relays 3CR and 4CR to control reversible operation of thelongitudinal slide piston 65'. In other words, the switch pad 278interconnects contacts 1'30 and 131 in E44, and the switch pad 277interconnects contacts 126 and 127 in E39. This connects the relays SCRand 4CR to the manual control switches in E41 for manual control when12CRA-2 is closed or for automatic operation when 13CRA-2 in E38 isclosed. Since only one set of slides is going to be controlled the limitswitch SLS associated with the other set of slides Will never be closedand therefore to establish a circuit the switch pad 276 is provided forshortl circuiting this limit switch by interconnecting contacts 279 and280 in line E37.

At the same time the operator adjusts the selector switch 122, Figure15, to position the switch pads 281, 282 and 283 for making certainconnections in Figure 12 to render the control relays 7CR and 8CR in E51and E50 respectively elective to control the Ymovements of the crossslide piston 73. The pad 283 interconnects contacts and 141, and pad 282interconnects contacts 136 and 137 to connect the control relays formanual control by theV switches in line E51 when 12CRA-3 is closed orfor automatic operation when 13CRA-4 and 13CRA-5 are closed. The switchpad 281 linterconnects contacts 284 and 285 in line E56 to short circuitthe limit switch 1LS-2 which remains open because associated with theidle slide.

When the rear slides are to be utilized alone the selector switches 121and 122 are rotatably adjusted in the opposite direction to render thefront set of slides idle and the rear set of slides active. In thiscase, the switch 121, Figure 14, is provided with switch pads 286, 287,and 288. The pad 287 interconnects contacts 128 and 129,

and pad 288 interconnects contacts 130' and 131' to connect controlrelays 1CR in E42 and 2CR in E46 for manual control by the switchesin'E41 when 12CRA- 2 is closed, or for automatic operation when 13CRA-2and BCRA-3 are closed. The other switch pad 286 interconnects contacts289 and 290 in E37 to short circuit the limit switch SLS which is idleand remains open during this operation. v

The selector switch 122, Figure l5, has switch pads 291, 292, and 293,the pad 292 interconnecting contacts 138 and 139 in E53, and the pad 293interconnecting contacts 142 and 143 in line E57 with the result thatcontrol relays SCR and 6CR are connected for manual control by theswitches in E51 when 12CRA-3 is closed, or for automatic operation when13CR A-4 and 13CRA-5 are closed. The pad 291 interconnects contacts 294and 295 in line E56 to short circuit limit switch 3LS-2` which is idleduring this operation.

It will be noted from Figure 13 that two pumps, 150

and 166, are provided for `supplying the hydraulic circuit,

and the pump has the greater capacity and when the slides are not beingactuated it is desirable to provide some relief for the pump rather thandepending upon its relief valve 296, and so a separate bypass toreservoir has been provided comprising the channel 297 which isgonnected to port 298 of a bypass valve 299 having a valve plunger 300which is shiftable in one direction by the solenoid SOL12 and in theother direction by a spring 301. A return line 302 to reservoir isconnected to port Y ports 298 and 303. As shown in Figure 10, thesolenoid Y SOL12 in line E19 is connected in parallel to contacts 4CR-3,ICR-3, 2CR-3, SCR-3 and 10CR.3 wherebyv when any of the relaysassociated with these switches are operated the solenoid will beactuated to isolate the por-ts 298 and 303 and make the pump effective.

What is claimed is: v

1. In a spinning machine having a work formllgmandrel, a bed, and aheadstock and tailstock supported, on

the bed in operative engagement with opposite ends. of' saidl mandrel,the combination of tooling units mounted on the bed on opposite sides ofsaid mandrel, each unit Provision is made that whenever any ofV the mainincluding a power operable cross slide mounted on a power operable mainslide, a spinning tool carried by the cross slide, means to adjust saidumts independently to align the path ot' movement of the main slidesparallel to the taper of the mandrel on the respective sides thereof andposition the spinning tool opposite the end of the mandrel, a cyclecontrol mechanism for said slides including a cycle starting relay, acontrol relay for each slide, a control circuit including a cross slidebranch circuit and a main slide branch circuit connected in parallel tosaid cycle starting relay, serially arranged limit switches in the crossslide circuit held closed by the main slides in starting position,serially arranged limit switches in the main slide circuit normally openwhen the cross slides are in starting position and adapted to be closedthereby upon reaching their advanced position, a iirst switching meansfor connecting both control relays for the cross slides to the crossslide circuit, and a second switching means for connecting both of saidcontrol relays for the main slides to the main slide circuit and forsimultaneously bridging the serially arranged limit switches in thecross slide circuit, whereby energization of the cycle starting relaywill cause advance of the cross slides, and completion of cross slideadvance will cause simultaneous starting of said main slides whilemaintaining both control relays for the cross slides energized duringmovement of the main slides.

2. In a spinning machine having a work forming mandrel, a bed, and aheadstock and tailstock supported on the bed in operative engagementwith opposite ends of said mandrel, the combination of tooling unitsmounted on the bed on opposite sides of said mandrel, each unitincluding a power operable cross slide carrying a spinning tool mountedon the main slide, means to adjust said units on the bed to align thepath of movement of the main slide parallel to the taper of the mandrelon the respective sides thereof and position the spinning tool oppositethe end of the mandrel, a cycle control mechanism for said slidesincluding a cycle starting relay, a control relay for each slide, acontrol circuit including a cross slide branch circuit and a main slidebranch circuit connected in parallel to said control circuit, seriallyarranged limit switches in the cross slide circuit held closed by themain slides in starting position, serially arranged limit switches inthe main slide circuit normally open when the cross slides are instarting position and adapted to be closed thereby upon reaching theiradvanced position, a irst selector switch for connecting either one orboth of the cross slide control relays to the cross slide circuit, asecond selector switch for connecting either one or both of the mainslide control relays to the main slide circuit whereby upon energizationof the cycle starting relay either one or both of the tooling units maybe selectively actuated.

3. In a spinning machine having a work forming mandrel, a bed, and aheadstock and tailstock supported on the bed in operative engagementwith opposite ends of said mandrel, the combination of a tooling unitmounted on the bed on opposite sides of said mandrel, each unitincluding a power operable cross slide mounted on the main slide, meansto adjust said units on the bed to align the path of movement of themain slide parallel to the taper of the mandrel on the respective sidesthereof and position the spinning tool opposite the end of the mandrel,a cycle control mechanism for said slides including a cycle startingrelay, a control relay for each slide, a control circuit including across slide branch circuit and a main slide branch circuit connected inparallel to said control circuit, serially arranged limit switches inthe cross slide circuit held closed by the main sides in startingposition, serially arranged limit switches in the main slide circuitnormally open when the cross slides are in starting position and adaptedto be closed thereby upon reaching their advanced position, a rstselector switch for connecting either one or both of the cross slidecontrol relays to the cross slide circuit, a second selector switch forconnecting either one or both of the main slide control relays to themain slide circuit whereby upon energization of the cycle starting relayeither one or both of tne tooling umts may be selectively actuated,parallel arranged circuits to said branch circuits, a selector switchfor connecting a source of power alternately to said parallel arrangedcircuits or to said branch circuits, and switch means in said parallelarranged circuits for manually controlling the slides individually or inpairs determinative on the setting of said rst and second selectorswitches.

4. ln a spinning machine having a Work forming mandrel, a bed, and aheadstock and tailstock supported on the bed in operative engagementwith opposite ends of said mandrel, the combination of a tooling unitmounted on the bed on opposite sides of said mandrel, each unitincluding a power operable cross slide carrying a spinning tool mountedon the main slide, means to adjust said units on the bed to align thepath of movement of the main slide parallel to the taper of the mandrelon the respective sides thereof and position the spinning tool oppositethe end of the mandrel, a cycle control mechanism for said slidesincluding a cycle starting relay, a control relay for each slide, acontrol circuit including a cross slide branch circuit and a main slidebranch circuit connected in parallel to said cycle starting relay,serially arranged limit switches in the cross slide circuit held closedby the main slides in starting position, serially arranged limitswitches in the main slide circuit normally open when the cross slidesare in starting position and adapted to be closed thereby upon reachingtheir advanced position, a first selector switch for connecting eitherone or both of the cross slide control relays to the cross slidecircuit, a second selector switch for connecting either one or both mainslide control relays to the main slide circuit whereby upon energizationof the cycle starting relay either one or both of the tooling units maybe selectively actuated, parallel arranged circuits to said branchcircuits, a selector switch for connecting a source of power alternatelyto said parallel arranged circuits or to said branch circuits, andswitch means in said parallel arranged circuits including advance,return, and rapid traverse switches for manually controlling the slidesindividually or in pairs determinative on the setting of the lirst andsecond-named selector switches.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS134,938 Seymour Ian. 14, 1873 150,796 Seymour May 12, 1874 259,178Laurent June 6, 1882 376,167 Seymour Ian. 10, 1888 '1,157,323 NicholsonOct. 19, 1915 1,828,464 Harrison Oct. 20, 1931 1,836,921 Harrison Dec.15, 1931 1,922,087 Hiester Aug. 15, 1933 2,343,912 Lauck Mar. 14, 19442,429,938 Mansfield Oct. 28, 1947 2,551,716 Allenbaugh May 8, 19512,713,283 Lomazzo July 19, 1955 2,720,129 De Hass et al. Oct. 11, 19552,720,130 Chang Oct. 11, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 914,227 France Oct. 2,1946

